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Mar 23, 2024
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Credited Film Output of James Young Deer, Dark Cloud, Edwin Carewe, and Lillian St. Cyr
Individual Years Active Number of films known and commonly credited
James Young Deer 1909–1924 33 (actor), 35 (director), 10 (writer)
Dark Cloud 1910–1920 35 (actor), 1 (writer)
Edwin Carewe 1912–1934 47 (actor), 58 (director), 20 (producer), 4 (writer)
Lillian St. Cyr (Red Wing) 1908–1921 66 (actor)
Some researchers studying Indigenous actors and filmmakers in the United States have turned their attention to the early days of cinema, particularly the 1910s and 1920s, when people like James Young Deer, Dark Cloud, Edwin Carewe, and Lillian St. Cyr (known professionally as Red Wing) were involved in one way or another with numerous films. So many films and associated records for this era have been lost that count of those four figures’ output should be taken as bare minimums rather than totals; it’s entirely possible, for example, that ________
 
Which choice most effectively uses data from the table to complete the example? 

 

Difficulty: Hard
A:

Dark Cloud acted in significantly fewer films than did Lillian St. Cyr, who is credited with 66 performances.

B:

Edwin Carewe’s 47 credited acting roles includes only films made after 1934.

C:

Lillian St. Cyr acted in far more than 66 films and Edwin Carewe directed more than 58.

D:

James Young Deer actually directed 33 films and acted in only 10.

Many mosquito repellents contain natural components that work by activating multiple odor receptors on mosquitoes' antennae. As the insects develop resistance, new repellents are needed. Ke Dong and her team found that EBF, a molecular component of a chrysanthemum flower extract, can repel mosquitoes by activating just one odor receptor--and this receptor, Or31, is present in all mosquito species known to carry diseases. Therefore, the researchers suggest that in developing new repellents, it would be most useful to ______

Which choice most logically completes the text?
Difficulty: Medium
A:

identify molecular components similar to EBF that target the activation of Or31 receptors.

B:

investigate alternative methods for extracting EBF molecules from chrysanthemums.

C:

verify the precise locations of Or31 and other odor receptors on mosquitoes' antennae.

D:

determine the maximum number of different odor receptors that can be activated by a single molecule.

Born in 1891 to a Quechua-speaking family in the Andes Mountains of Peru, Martin Chambi is today considered to be one of the most renowned figures of Latin American photography. In a paper for an art history class, a student claims that Chambi's photographs have considerable ethnographic value--in his work, Chambi was able to capture diverse elements of Peruvian society, representing his subjects with both dignity and authenticity.

Which finding, if true, would most directly support the student's claim?
Difficulty: Medium
A:

Chambi took many commissioned portraits of wealthy Peruvians, but he also produced hundreds of images carefully documenting the peoples, sites, and customs of Indigenous communities of the Andes.

B:

Chambi's photographs demonstrate a high level of technical skill, as seen in his strategic use of illumination to create dramatic light and shadow contrasts.

C:

During his lifetime, Chambi was known and celebrated both within and outside his native Peru, as his work was published in places like Argentina, Spain, and Mexico.

D:

Some of the peoples and places Chambi photographed had long been popular subjects for Peruvian photographers.

Correlations Between Congestion Ratings and Features of the Crowd in Raters' Immediate Vicinity
Crowd feature Before obstacle After obstacle Overall
Density 0.8592 0.7308 0.7447
Velocity -0.9357 -0.9518 -0.8587


Researcher Xiaolu Jia and colleagues monitored individuals' velocity and the surrounding crowd density as a group of study participants walked through a space and navigated around an obstacle. Participants rated how congested it seemed before the obstacle, after the obstacle, and overall, and the researchers correlated those ratings with velocity and density. (Correlations range from \(-\)1 to 1, with greater distance from 0 indicating greater strength). The researchers concluded that the correlations with velocity are stronger than those with density.

Which choice best describes data from the table that support the researchers' conclusion?
Difficulty: Hard
A:

The correlation between congestion ratings before the obstacle and density is further from 0 than the correlation between overall congestion rating and velocity is.

B:

The correlation between congestion ratings before the obstacle and velocity is further from 0 than the correlation between congestion overall and velocity is.

C:

For each of the three ratings, the correlation with velocity is negative while the correlation with density is positive.

D:

For each of the three ratings, correlations with velocity are further from 0 than the corresponding correlations with density are.

Newspaper Total revenue change ($ in thousands) Percentage change (%) Newspaper size
Los Angeles Times 93,966 12.5 large
The New York Times 235,788 20 large
The Denver Post -3,765 -1 small
Sun Sentinel -24,899 -11.9 small
Chicago Tribune 94,492 19 large


Digital paywalls restrict access to online content to those with a paid subscription. In an investigation of the effect of paywalls on newspaper company revenues for print and digital subscriptions and advertising, Doug J. Chung and colleagues compared actual outcomes (with a paywall) to control estimates (without a paywall). The researchers concluded that introducing a paywall is generally more beneficial for larger newspapers, which have high circulation and tend to offer a substantial amount of unique online content.

Which choice best describes data from the table that support Chung and colleagues' conclusion?
Difficulty: Easy
A:

The Chicago Tribune and the Los Angeles Times had similar total revenue changes, but the Los Angeles Times had a smaller percentage change.

B:

The Los Angeles Times had a 12.5% revenue change, while the Chicago Tribune had a 19% revenue change.

C:

The New York Times had a 20% revenue change, while the Denver Post had a -1% revenue change.

D:

The Denver Post had only a -1% revenue change, which was the smallest percentage change of the selected companies.

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