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Logically, a damaged fossil should provide less information than an intact one, but for paleontologist Brigitte Schoenemann, a broken area on a fossilized trilobite (a crustacean-like creature) _______ fresh insight, allowing her to view the inner structure of the organism's eye.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
resolved
adjusted
offered
directed
In many agricultural environments, the banks of streams are kept forested to protect water quality, but it's been unclear what effects these forests may have on stream biodiversity. To investigate the issue, biologist Xingli Giam and colleagues studied an Indonesian oil palm plantation, comparing the species richness of forested streams with that of nonforested streams. Giam and colleagues found that species richness was significantly higher in forested streams, a finding the researchers attribute to the role leaf litter plays in sheltering fish from predators and providing food resources.
Which choice best states the main purpose of the text?
It discusses research intended to settle a debate about how agricultural yields can be increased without negative effects on water quality.
It explains the differences between stream-protection strategies used in oil palm plantations and stream-protection strategies used in other kinds of agricultural environments.
It describes findings that challenge a previously held view about how fish that inhabit streams in agricultural environments attempt to avoid predators.
It presents a study that addresses an unresolved question about the presence of forests along streams in agricultural environments.
Works of moral philosophy, such as Plato's Republic or Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics, are partly concerned with how to live a morally good life. But philosopher Jonathan Barnes argues that works that present a method of living such a life without also supplying a motive are inherently useful only to those already wishing to be morally good--those with no desire for moral goodness will not choose to follow their rules. However, some works of moral philosophy attempt to describe what constitutes a morally good life while also proposing reasons for living one.
Which choice best describes the overall structure of the text?
It provides a characterization about a field of thought by noting two works in it and then details a way in which some works in that field are more comprehensive than others.
It mentions two renowned works and then claims that despite their popularity it is impossible for these works to serve the purpose their authors intended.
It summarizes the history of a field of thought by discussing two works and then proposes a topic of further research for specialists in that field.
It describes two influential works and then explains why one is more widely read than the other.
Industrial activity is often assumed to be a threat to wildlife, but that isn't always so. Consider the silver-studded blue butterfly(Plebejus argus): as forest growth has reduced grasslands in northern Germany, many of these butterflies have left meadow habitats and are now thriving in active limestone quarries. In a survey of multiple active quarries and patches of maintained grassland, an ecologist found silver-studded blue butterflies in 100% of the quarries but only 57% of the grassland patches. Moreover, butterfly populations in the quarries were four times larger than those in the meadows.
Which choice best describes the function of the underlined portion in the text as a whole?
It challenges a common assumption about the species under investigation in the research referred to in the text.
It introduces discussion of a specific example that supports the general claim made in the previous sentence.
It suggests that a certain species should be included in additional studies like the one mentioned later in the text.
It provides a definition for an unfamiliar term that is central to the main argument in the text.
The following text is from Lucy Maud Montgomery's 1908 novel Anne of Green Gables. Anne, an eleven-year-old girl, has come to live on a farm with a woman named Marilla in Nova Scotia, Canada.
Anne reveled in the world of color about her.
"Oh, Marilla," she exclaimed one Saturday morning, coming dancing in with her arms full of gorgeous boughs, "I'm so glad I live in a world where there are Octobers. It would be terrible if we just skipped from September to November, wouldn't it? Look at these map branches. Don't they give you a thrill--several thrills? I'm going to decorate my room with them."
"Messy things," said Marilla, whose aesthetic sense was not noticeably developed. "You clutter up your room entirely too much with out-of-doors stuff, Anne. Bedrooms were made to sleep in."
Which choice best states the main purpose of the text?
To demonstrate that Anne has a newly developed appreciation of nature
To describe an argument that Anne and Marilla often have
To emphasize Marilla's disapproval of how Anne has decorated her room
To show that Anne and Marilla have very different personalities
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