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Text 1
Digital art, the use of digital technology to create or display images, isn't really art at all. It doesn't require as much skill as creating physical art. "Painting" with a tablet and stylus is much easier than using paint and a brush: the technology is doing most of the work.
Text 2
The painting programs used to create digital art involve more than just pressing a few buttons. In addition to knowing the fundamentals of art, digital artists need to be familiar with sophisticated software. Many artists will start by drawing an image on paper before transforming the piece to a digital format, where they can apply a variety of colors and techniques that would otherwise require many different traditional tools.
Based on the texts, how would the author of Text 2 most likely respond to the claims of the author of Text 1?
By arguing that a piece of art created digitally can still be displayed traditionally
By explaining that it's actually much harder to use a tablet and stylus to create art than to use paint and a brush
By insisting that digital art requires artistic abilities and skill even if it employs less traditional tools
By admitting that most digital artists don't think fundamental drawing skills are important
As Mexico's first president from an Indigenous community, Benito Juarez became one of the most _______ figures in his country's history: among the many significant accomplishments of his long tenure in office (1858-1872), Juarez consolidated the authority of the national government and advanced the rights of Indigenous peoples.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
unpredictable
important
secretive
ordinary
Text 1
A tiny, unusual fossil in a piece of 99-million-year-old amber is of the extinct species Oculudentavis khaungraae. The O. khaungraae fossil consists of a rounded skull with a thin snout and a large eye socket. Because these features look like they are avian, or related to birds, researchers initially thought that the fossil might be the smallest avian dinosaur ever found.
Text 2
Paleontologists were excited to discover a second small fossil that is similar to the strange O. khaungraae fossil but has part of the lower body along with a birdlike skull. Detailed studies of both fossils revealed several traits that are found in lizards but not in dinosaurs or birds. Therefore, paleontologists think the two creatures were probably unusual lizards, even though the skulls looked avian at first.
Based on the texts, what would the paleontologists in Text 2 most likely say about the researchers' initial thought in Text 17
It is understandable because the fossil does look like it could be related to birds, even though O. khaungraae is probably a lizard.
It is confusing because it isn't clear what caused the researchers to think that O. khaungraae might be related to birds.
It is flawed because the researchers mistakenly assumed that O. khaungraae must be a lizard.
It is reasonable because the O. khaungraae skull is about the same size as the skull of the second fossil but is shaped differently.
Many films from the early 1900s have been lost. These losses include several films by the first wave of Black women, filmmakers. We know about these lost movies only from small pieces of evidence. For example, an advertisement for Jennie Louise Touissant Welcome's documentary Doing Their Bit still exists. There's a reference in a magazine to Tressie Souders's film A Woman's Error. And Maria P. Williams's The Flames of Wrath is mentioned in a letter and a newspaper article, and one image from the movie was discovered in the 1990s.
Which choice best describes the overall structure of the text?
The text identifies a complex problem, then presents examples of unsuccessful attempts to solve that problem.
The text summarizes a debate among researchers, then gives reasons for supporting one side in that debate.
The text describes a general situation, then illustrates that situation with specific examples.
The text discusses several notable individuals, then explains commonly overlooked differences between those individuals.
The following text is from Walt Whitman's 1860 poem "Calamus 24."
I HEAR it is charged against me that I seek to destroy institutions;
But really I am neither for nor against institutions
(What indeed have I in common with them?--Or what with the destruction of them?),
Only I will establish in the Mannahatta [Manhattan] and in every city of These States, inland and seaboard,
And in the fields and woods, and above every keel [ship] little or large, that dents the water,
Without edifices, or rules, or trustees, or any argument,
The institution of the dear love of comrades.
Which choice best describes the overall structure of the text?
The speaker questions an increasingly prevalent attitude, then summarizes his worldview.
The speaker regrets his isolation from others, then predicts a profound change in society.
The speaker concedes his personal shortcomings, then boasts of his many achievements.
The speaker addresses a criticism leveled against him, then announces a grand ambition of his.
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