Part of the Atacama Desert in Peru has surprisingly rich plant life despite receiving almost no rainfall. Moisture from winter fog sustains plants once they're growing, but the soil's tough crust makes it hard for seeds to germinate in the first place. Local birds that dig nests in the ground seem to be of help: they churn the soil, exposing buried seeds to moisture and nutrients. Indeed, in 2016 Cristina Rengifio Fairfer found that mounds of soil dug up by birds were far more fertile and supported more seedlings than soil in undisturbed areas.

Which choice best describes the function of the underlined portion in the text as a whole?

Question

Accepted Answer

It explains how certain birds promote seed germination in Atacama Desert soil.

Answer

It elaborates on the idea that the top layer of Atacama Desert soil forms a tough crust.

Answer

It describes the process by which seeds are deposited into Atacama Desert soil.

Answer

It identifies the reason particular bird species dig nests in Atacama Desert soil.